{"id":"W2588545346","doi":"10.1039/c6rp00231e","title":"Students’ interpretations of mechanistic language in organic chemistry before learning reactions","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemistry Education Research and Practice","topic":"Various Chemistry Research Topics","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Curriculum; Formalism (music); Mathematics education; Psychology; Pedagogy; Literature","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001518628,0.0001809193,0.0002189881,0.00005450147,0.0006584005,0.0003868421,0.0009298821,0.0002280537,0.005537864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02716132,0.000204778,0.00004357423,0.0001980085,0.0004146087,0.0004546761,0.0004755564,0.001593663,0.00001999001],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002826149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009869318,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004385375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003274749,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977778,0.00008673863,0.0004057024,0.0004834218,0.000784122,0.0004622561],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965567,0.001045831,0.0003711264,0.001000998,0.0007429766,0.0002823717],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001136827,0.0007890473,0.01266137,0.001594432,0.00006276391,0.00002356664,0.001900718,0.000002054539,0.9770638,0.00008516797,0.0001447185,0.005558615],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001186582,0.00005927886,0.00279335,0.0008767512,0.00005773353,0.0003458881,0.05041996,0.0002491725,0.9018081,0.001758512,0.0399814,0.0004632366],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8027376,0.0003230918,0.00001785045,0.001401807,0.00003468752,0.000109323,0.00001548448,0.00003431959,0.1953259],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9311422,0.0002828507,0.0002965424,0.000009400523,0.0002028341,0.0001015061,0.0001021156,0.0000303178,0.06783231],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1284046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9953712,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03875325347167474,"score_gpt":0.4460722736704382,"score_spread":0.4073190201987634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}