{"id":"W2588752640","doi":"10.1119/1.4974744","title":"Collaborative exams: Cheating? Or learning?","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Physics","topic":"Innovative Teaching Methods","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"John Abbott College","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Grading (engineering); Collaborative learning; Argument (complex analysis); Accountability; Mathematics education; Computer science; Psychology; Social psychology; Political science; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002557359,0.00009910635,0.0003309624,0.00003998106,0.001393101,0.0001877752,0.00057613,0.00002392092,0.00005770448],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004166875,0.00007767356,0.00007046161,0.0003759408,0.001452006,0.0004854588,0.00004845593,0.0005145883,0.000009904516],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001287277,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006960867,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004413103,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004906575,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979759,0.000993992,0.000256956,0.00009969708,0.0004399068,0.0002335006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967061,0.0004412064,0.001867183,0.0001830041,0.0007071524,0.00009537052],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001258969,0.00008814135,0.03413869,0.000003523329,0.0001064303,0.00002789338,0.06897122,0.00003639227,0.00147421,0.02574306,0.0008102991,0.8684742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003405568,0.008753266,0.1396977,0.0006549641,0.0002891193,0.00004454968,0.338704,0.0001792253,0.01859722,0.06753204,0.4202705,0.001871867],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9184495,0.00002604841,0.02271414,0.001835033,0.000618851,0.0001093741,0.000002526451,0.00003062299,0.05621393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9685122,0.00002796651,0.02892496,0.0001524625,0.001328241,0.0000011405,1.759734e-7,0.00001449186,0.001038314],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8666024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999907,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03875430332060167,"score_gpt":0.4277858535603909,"score_spread":0.3890315502397892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}