{"id":"W2588827342","doi":"10.1080/14735903.2017.1288518","title":"Soil CO <sub>2</sub> emission and carbon budget of a wheat/maize annual double-cropped system in response to tillage and residue management in the North China Plain","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Crop residue; Agronomy; Tillage; Conventional tillage; Crop; Multiple cropping; Growing season; Soil carbon; No-till farming; Environmental science; Soil water; Residue (chemistry); Cropping system; Biology; Sowing; Soil fertility; Agriculture; Soil science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001722482,0.0002631254,0.0002893354,0.0002409554,0.0002609287,0.000263689,0.0002445821,0.0001962199,0.0003076466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001193594,0.0001927259,0.0002235583,0.0002219112,0.0002999227,0.000299909,0.0001799371,0.0001640526,0.00005132623],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001129668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005862653,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03511145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04902809,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999087,0.00001034209,0.000007947753,0.00003388579,0.00001471189,0.00002442763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998375,0.0000150164,0.00005063692,0.00001331537,0.0000280508,0.00005542428],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001704457,0.000405129,0.2630208,0.0001352091,0.0001649737,0.0006297284,0.000382666,0.003334551,0.7229587,0.00009666213,0.0001203497,0.007046765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003056858,0.0002321749,0.9862693,0.000001741336,0.0000309465,0.00005465198,0.0001924805,0.004155305,0.008869974,0.00002801821,0.0001257654,0.000009013472],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9999262,0.00000725713,0.00001588981,0.000003193787,3.58304e-7,0.000001819543,0.00002033144,0.000001467332,0.00002350703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996921,0.00002234106,0.00009034495,0.000008615249,7.080383e-7,0.000007122912,0.00008088281,8.431626e-7,0.00009698932],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03511145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06981415,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006409280327415038,"score_gpt":0.2392970703492906,"score_spread":0.2328877900218756,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}