{"id":"W2589973097","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6b05328","title":"Real-World Emission of Particles from Vehicles: Volatility and the Effects of Ambient Temperature","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Aerosol; Environmental science; Ultrafine particle; Volatility (finance); Atmospheric sciences; Carbon black; Fraction (chemistry); Particle number; Environmental chemistry; Road dust; Particle size; Particle (ecology); Meteorology; Particulates; Chemistry; Materials science; Geography; Physics; Nanotechnology; Geology; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004401124,0.000230959,0.0001637403,0.0003711189,0.0001782883,0.0006542391,0.0002665622,0.0003629925,0.0002349261],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007696101,0.0001866273,0.0002626146,0.0003202433,0.0002334079,0.0005360214,0.0002551884,0.0001717812,0.0001073436],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003150156,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001109304,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005989566,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007058025,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996332,0.00007696541,0.00001893387,0.0001141766,0.0001145866,0.00004206579],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996576,0.0001503537,0.00007132466,0.00003893277,0.00006421733,0.00001751557],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008366665,0.0002116574,0.7556949,0.0001565491,0.0004580457,0.0003072114,0.0003367039,0.02096365,0.2035104,0.0003900297,0.0002181591,0.01691601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000736835,0.0002267568,0.9331651,0.000008254427,0.00006182289,0.0002641237,0.0001991289,0.0186557,0.04665561,0.0001966041,0.0005307466,0.00002884537],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997508,0.0002467945,0.001471892,0.0000111105,0.000003700399,0.00000741549,0.0001541401,0.00001047133,0.0005864815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993229,0.00006843863,0.0003043636,0.000004407162,0.000002064624,0.00000413001,0.0002131653,0.000006592128,0.00007412913],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005989566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01190937,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009848063491214464,"score_gpt":0.2701642076778817,"score_spread":0.2603161441866672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}