{"id":"W2591071725","doi":"10.1039/c6ja00415f","title":"The production of doubly charged sample ions by “charge transfer and ionization” (CTI) in analytical GD-MS","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","topic":"Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"IONICS Mass Spectrometry (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Ionization; Ion; Charge (physics); Atomic physics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Mass spectrometry; Physics; Chromatography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001506439,0.0009131556,0.0004525546,0.0009340785,0.0005645248,0.001143634,0.001339687,0.001225809,0.0006787262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00200688,0.0005812135,0.0003690844,0.0009067407,0.001467124,0.00115624,0.001395901,0.001503284,0.0006696721],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007739397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008490943,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006285042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000965175,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998921,0.0002471848,0.00005555496,0.0002907562,0.0003718532,0.0001135853],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991471,0.0003218587,0.0001534842,0.0001390395,0.0001691516,0.0000693375],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002443835,0.00002344886,0.0009264812,0.000143272,0.00001623815,0.0001587917,0.00009639776,0.0001634353,0.9821894,0.002783193,0.0004885469,0.01276648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000102896,0.00009260672,0.0003593952,0.000008404108,0.000009083871,0.0004667782,0.00001478634,0.001654508,0.9944903,0.0004435013,0.002437163,0.0000131408],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4106376,0.005516892,0.5674208,0.001087552,0.0005030635,0.0005008905,0.0007976973,0.002078173,0.0114573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6698723,0.002421843,0.3218016,0.0006502982,0.00009729067,0.0002155695,0.0006734062,0.000252498,0.004015304],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001506439,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007966876,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01448631629622338,"score_gpt":0.2805531374854465,"score_spread":0.2660668211892231,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}