{"id":"W2591279839","doi":"10.1016/j.geotexmem.2017.01.004","title":"3-Dimensional numerical modeling of geosynthetic-encased granular columns","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geotextiles and Geomembranes","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Geotechnical engineering; Materials science; Geosynthetics; Granular material; Shear (geology); Shear stress; Ultimate tensile strength; Overburden pressure; Computer simulation; Geology; Mechanics; Composite material; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001172329,0.0001452638,0.0002430702,0.00005132228,0.0001953199,0.0000516711,0.0001548453,0.0001063137,0.00004129146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007218102,0.0001402655,0.00006366832,0.00004202332,0.00007452281,0.000109103,0.00005181829,0.0001122554,0.000006354994],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007414618,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007682263,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001538087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009711769,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992368,0.000007858309,0.0002206832,0.0001654899,0.000151607,0.0002175321],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994425,0.00003764757,0.00003577901,0.0003467444,0.00004744102,0.00008984267],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005135153,0.00001351098,0.00001321596,0.000117779,0.00001088365,0.000003284378,0.00004498047,0.9943032,0.001154182,0.000261168,0.00001187925,0.00406076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002323933,0.00002285534,0.001385037,0.00005114729,0.00001722467,0.00001174135,0.00001894527,0.9969071,0.00007793274,0.0005319307,0.0005806164,0.0001630582],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948071,0.0005443081,0.003513655,0.00009557884,0.0001792044,0.0001020009,0.0000197847,0.0001800639,0.000558279],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997086,0.0001263246,0.00004297686,0.000007305307,0.00003825528,0.000008006366,0.00000899599,0.00002253378,0.00003703718],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004901439,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.571986,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009272497431408637,"score_gpt":0.199978608979765,"score_spread":0.1907061115483564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}