{"id":"W2595285705","doi":"10.3386/w23289","title":"Migrants and the Making of America: The Short- and Long-Run Effects of Immigration during the Age of Mass Migration","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Mass migration; Demographic economics; Demography; Geography; Economic geography; History; Political science; Economics; Sociology; Archaeology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006181181,0.0001933256,0.0002491805,0.0004840398,0.0008481967,0.001389355,0.000209135,0.0006165254,0.003387207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002049581,0.0001122759,0.0004189266,0.0008419545,0.0005963308,0.0006931046,0.001104513,0.0009248701,0.0002598381],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005601352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007702994,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03770762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08511247,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997055,0.00009733014,0.00001383146,0.00003876291,0.00003085772,0.0001136372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986601,0.0003620124,0.000485097,0.00003515368,0.00007929972,0.0003782871],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001300975,0.0001624342,0.9871714,0.00002448708,0.0001316672,0.0002218273,0.000857688,0.001551935,0.0002660697,0.001724474,0.001038444,0.006719655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008859689,0.0001023644,0.9933296,0.00002839747,0.00009101196,0.0000416103,0.002354898,0.0007872618,0.0001051138,0.0008232246,0.002319172,0.000008552632],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958592,0.0007397787,0.0000608088,0.0009765316,0.00002405735,0.000004670246,0.0003622457,0.000002360823,0.00197018],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976072,0.0007048651,0.00004350029,0.0001032475,0.00004295567,0.000006535585,0.0002777536,0.000002269501,0.001211658],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03770762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07497627,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.125849088525387,"score_gpt":0.4728047028678282,"score_spread":0.3469556143424412,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}