{"id":"W2597185477","doi":"","title":"The Emergence of a New Battleground: Liability for Secondary Market Violations in Ontario","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SMU Scholar (Southern Methodist University)","topic":"Corporate Insolvency and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Class action; Plaintiff; Redress; Securities Exchange Act of 1934; Private placement; Business; Securities fraud; Liability; Enforcement; Law; Accounting; Investment banking; Commission; Political science; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00181664,0.0001305688,0.0001826415,0.0001251208,0.0003731028,0.00008840558,0.0004549704,0.00006893346,0.000447752],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006320028,0.0001175698,0.0001295613,0.0005065823,0.0000756004,0.0007936804,0.000125123,0.0003302739,0.00002271653],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007689535,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001606135,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04931895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.289027,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990612,0.00008957562,0.0002270514,0.0002690554,0.0001432916,0.0002098033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988929,0.0002914217,0.0002953464,0.0003559776,0.0001454031,0.00001896314],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001196363,0.0002347925,0.7174067,0.0002430241,0.00008819323,0.000006665132,0.001567737,0.0001708706,0.0007673975,0.1966189,0.006164568,0.07553481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006435368,0.00001186203,0.1575114,0.00003089792,0.00003979493,1.507296e-7,0.0011946,0.00059202,0.00001743313,0.01650938,0.8232887,0.0001602682],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8117722,0.0001014012,0.05397765,0.0007601542,0.0006771075,0.0006248553,0.00004873986,0.00005908951,0.1319789],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9496463,0.00001266469,0.01222587,0.0002461223,0.0003050316,0.000003665441,0.00002459681,0.00003004362,0.03750569],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8171241,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9570117,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02443393449233012,"score_gpt":0.2113018524230355,"score_spread":0.1868679179307054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}