{"id":"W2599947487","doi":"10.1080/14680629.2017.1304251","title":"Observation of bitumen microstructure oxidation and blending with ESEM","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Road Materials and Pavement Design","topic":"Asphalt Pavement Performance Evaluation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Imperial Oil Limited","keywords":"Environmental scanning electron microscope; Microstructure; Asphalt; Materials science; Scanning electron microscope; Composite material; Metallurgy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003414195,0.0001060227,0.0001366084,0.00003645071,0.0001387405,0.0001300997,0.00005671459,0.00004006628,0.00005080527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005846661,0.00008855409,0.000004999642,0.00001708324,0.00002863908,0.0003979012,0.00002036566,0.00002074958,0.000001266573],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001745513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007044592,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001905988,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002845289,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994721,0.0000203748,0.0001777246,0.0001089118,0.0001131599,0.0001077215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996587,0.000008459067,0.0001252774,0.0001557188,0.00002788192,0.00002393721],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000183606,0.000003335726,0.003731493,0.0001690719,0.00002511733,3.130023e-7,0.0001824786,0.0007070514,0.9920557,0.0001125532,0.00003834617,0.002956222],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005065966,0.00009106237,0.1235247,0.00009330965,0.00002946817,0.000001278463,0.00002802094,0.00439637,0.870988,0.000160556,0.0000685495,0.0001120487],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888044,0.00006850891,0.01054284,0.00002555795,0.0001414824,0.0003374843,0.000008603547,0.00002829784,0.00004281548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947823,0.0002220863,0.004840819,0.000009559127,0.00004581302,0.00002095909,0.00002985111,0.00001366185,0.00003498706],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1210677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3611131,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03320228393835352,"score_gpt":0.2431058314696645,"score_spread":0.209903547531311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}