{"id":"W2600825956","doi":"10.26421/qic12.11-12-1","title":"Hamiltonian simulation using linear combinations of unitary operations","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Quantum Information and Computation","topic":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":394,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Army Research Office; Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Unitary state; Hamiltonian (control theory); Unitary transformation; Computer science; Mathematics; Unitary matrix; Algorithm; Applied mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Quantum; Quantum mechanics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009714835,0.0001019688,0.0001544594,0.0004722654,0.0003236285,0.0001097015,0.0001234483,0.00007430768,0.00005118606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003841326,0.00009212067,0.00004896977,0.0008195889,0.000068369,0.002770805,0.00004783991,0.00007578106,0.00005577869],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003241272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000480991,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005971392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000307294,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982511,0.00009452475,0.0008921814,0.00009902372,0.0005250222,0.0001381059],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982185,0.0004168642,0.000291567,0.0001924109,0.0007862281,0.00009437539],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007945841,0.0001204342,0.003989277,0.000008338783,0.000007636048,1.878155e-8,0.002111736,0.8309087,0.0001207465,0.125309,0.0001568311,0.0372594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000332312,0.00002916129,0.02008668,0.000007943874,0.00001102747,0.00000274832,0.000825885,0.96704,0.000139436,0.007375567,0.004048254,0.000100963],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4320723,0.00002652009,0.5668984,0.0001724912,0.00008327299,0.0002142594,0.00001918691,0.00004904023,0.0004644845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9855136,0.000007053133,0.01408456,0.0002208258,0.00003455822,0.00001088786,0.0001009896,0.000005368266,0.00002220709],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5534412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3756572,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.161797514434894,"score_gpt":0.4465181793535156,"score_spread":0.2847206649186216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}