{"id":"W2601904008","doi":"10.1007/s11743-017-1941-0","title":"Effect of Surfactants on Zero‐Valent Iron Nanoparticles (NZVI) Reactivity","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Surfactants and Detergents","topic":"Environmental remediation with nanomaterials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Chemistry; Pulmonary surfactant; Zerovalent iron; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Micelle; Adsorption; Reactivity (psychology); Sodium; Inorganic chemistry; Reaction rate constant; Selectivity; Reaction rate; Nuclear chemistry; Chromatography; Kinetics; Aqueous solution; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Biochemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006321056,0.0001862084,0.0004234386,0.00006782495,0.00009293441,0.0000625886,0.0001915628,0.00007874565,0.00004763515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001567671,0.0001400355,0.00008406721,0.00002181127,0.00006120938,0.000464027,0.00004863137,0.0001100795,0.00001572479],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006657543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007747705,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005853132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000203488,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986972,0.00007588898,0.0005068852,0.0001128893,0.0004013286,0.0002058672],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989213,0.0001268711,0.0005083795,0.0002642145,0.00002271351,0.000156536],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002978509,0.00005250394,0.1429108,0.00009295672,0.00005108478,0.00002232169,0.00005162216,0.0003219588,0.8465611,5.864333e-7,0.00007139784,0.009565823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008901909,0.0004926756,0.3305449,0.0001070511,0.00003211356,0.00001148507,0.000002763408,0.0001169882,0.6676155,0.0000129436,0.00008165348,0.00009175736],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984283,0.0001575031,0.000008706478,0.00001507247,0.001052312,0.0001219238,0.00002820368,0.00001185072,0.0001760952],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989768,0.0008559647,0.00006984012,0.000005778446,0.00004332056,9.9081e-7,5.873788e-7,0.00002572114,0.00002102802],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1876341,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5710481,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0115815477530369,"score_gpt":0.2463420821293806,"score_spread":0.2347605343763436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}