{"id":"W2603367688","doi":"10.5539/elt.v10n4p111","title":"Language Learning Strategies Use and Challenges Faced by Adult Arab Learners of Finnish as a Second Language in Finland","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"English Language Teaching","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Language learning strategies; Reading (process); Language acquisition; Literacy; Adult education; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Linguistics; Metacognition","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009991667,0.0003181809,0.0004570032,0.0001837721,0.0007746398,0.001128561,0.0003687945,0.000130943,0.0005556694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002909206,0.0002980245,0.00008941516,0.00001670871,0.0002432671,0.001281045,0.0001507839,0.00158934,0.00001442858],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003145935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003220324,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008830936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008737274,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980232,0.0004704378,0.0003535339,0.0004523573,0.000252466,0.0004480644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986109,0.0004062334,0.0003597075,0.0004852732,0.00004078998,0.0000970855],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003200669,0.00005994571,0.003583502,0.000207592,0.00004911101,0.0001055095,0.9728144,0.00004513289,0.002269119,0.007018312,0.0001766351,0.01363873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001137781,0.0001558613,0.001535586,0.0003777453,0.00002603753,0.000006453095,0.9820806,0.0001962752,0.000411159,0.00003290542,0.01359602,0.0004435579],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.916554,0.005102889,0.000005555783,0.0001291015,0.0001734686,0.0001449615,0.00003203737,0.0001704337,0.07768759],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9858096,0.0001651751,0.0001155441,0.00007145321,0.0003971359,0.00001167783,0.00004716637,0.00006130379,0.01332091],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06925567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999472,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02320257342341924,"score_gpt":0.2618173682366134,"score_spread":0.2386147948131942,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}