{"id":"W2604568084","doi":"10.1063/1.4979802","title":"Two-dimensional time-resolved ultra-high speed imaging of K-alpha emission from short-pulse-laser interactions to observe electron recirculation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Picosecond; Plasma; Electron; Laser; Temporal resolution; Physics; Image resolution; Optics; Atomic physics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Materials science; Chemistry; Nuclear physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007048241,0.0002873104,0.0003166945,0.00006013824,0.0004338584,0.0001660792,0.0003100399,0.00003044303,0.0007117405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001544676,0.0002954928,0.0001640316,0.00009983029,0.00006260895,0.0003787268,0.00008821097,0.0003064155,0.0003741008],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007796546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003863561,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001934752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001080217,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985256,0.00002701645,0.0003801918,0.0004555029,0.0002746438,0.0003370475],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984437,0.0002914842,0.0002877629,0.0007121358,0.0001154048,0.0001495217],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009355698,0.0002427423,0.00805396,0.000004441853,0.0001372643,0.000002166736,0.0001054897,0.03078452,0.9474075,0.001094832,0.008060101,0.00401346],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000962851,0.00001889875,0.01283299,0.0001116697,0.0001574271,6.902141e-7,0.00006207951,0.003028081,0.9799685,0.001696792,0.0007013044,0.0004586979],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9877861,9.358361e-7,0.004332229,0.0007181928,0.0004235529,0.0003461404,0.0002035279,0.00003682365,0.006152473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963974,2.180033e-7,0.001215164,0.0004298311,0.0008674051,0.00003552067,0.0008452514,0.00004781654,0.0001613987],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03256106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999497,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01354119971671541,"score_gpt":0.2615529897899099,"score_spread":0.2480117900731945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}