{"id":"W2604617225","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6b06608","title":"Internal versus External Dose for Describing Ternary Metal Mixture (Ni, Cu, Cd) Chronic Toxicity to <i>Lemna minor</i>","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Glencore; Environment Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Toxicity; Chemistry; Metal; Kinetics; Bioavailability; Ternary operation; Metal toxicity; Copper; Saturation (graph theory); Copper toxicity; Nuclear chemistry; Lemna minor; Biotic Ligand Model; Environmental chemistry; Biology; Pharmacology; Organic chemistry; Aquatic plant","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009926779,0.001037553,0.0005162078,0.001242971,0.0002215112,0.0008617654,0.0007018871,0.0009860158,0.001585822],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001502746,0.0002480018,0.001157376,0.0008517323,0.0005498278,0.0004901285,0.0006994008,0.0006046333,0.0005360296],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008328286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004176013,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003522855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005376244,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992352,0.0001858423,0.00009101783,0.0002259182,0.000214014,0.00004801012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990249,0.0003316546,0.0002778069,0.000121142,0.0002110891,0.00003343127],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005917019,0.0001532552,0.0381128,0.0007430167,0.0002454086,0.0002168133,0.0001935041,0.03055046,0.8843606,0.002212193,0.0004943567,0.04212584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003133213,0.001721532,0.06464223,0.00009509963,0.0004467049,0.001155977,0.0003561534,0.1955037,0.7228675,0.002330734,0.01071305,0.0001359764],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7630318,0.002786796,0.2211535,0.000169239,0.00006193402,0.000297448,0.002016197,0.00137181,0.009111277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9482919,0.0005452638,0.04761016,0.000101278,0.000009694193,0.0002073477,0.0008467643,0.0001322487,0.00225542],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003522855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007004678,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02311565329938754,"score_gpt":0.2716551385358579,"score_spread":0.2485394852364703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}