{"id":"W2609554869","doi":"","title":"Dynamic Model of R&D, Spillovers and Efficiency of Bertrand and Cournot Equilibria","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Les Cahiers du GERAD","topic":"Merger and Competition Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Group for Research in Decision Analysis; HEC Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Cournot competition; Bertrand competition; Bertrand paradox (economics); Duopoly; Economics; Differential game; Mathematical economics; Productivity; Competition (biology); Microeconomics; Stackelberg competition; Investment (military); Oligopoly; Mathematics; Mathematical optimization","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00120707,0.0007418193,0.001167653,0.0009095516,0.000629966,0.003085021,0.001728442,0.001993962,0.00452441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003220082,0.0005986913,0.0009232307,0.00105708,0.002205854,0.002921629,0.001126945,0.001060094,0.0004079389],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002666688,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00135399,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00854181,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004445696,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991488,0.00033618,0.00003292631,0.0001525289,0.0001420926,0.0001874474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986126,0.0007366594,0.000309301,0.00008440582,0.0001059107,0.000151074],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008639538,0.00008949996,0.0006519507,0.00006325175,0.00003837722,0.0003616957,0.0001259402,0.5095788,0.001762976,0.4830711,0.0004212323,0.00374879],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008721845,0.00006854066,0.000646143,0.00001572933,0.00003026338,0.0001516668,0.00006230162,0.8369995,0.0003805616,0.1602001,0.0013194,0.00003864667],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3887998,0.001382239,0.5321797,0.001679492,0.00006134522,0.0001605522,0.0004339149,0.0001532313,0.07514974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9758555,0.0004398225,0.01265703,0.00005679414,0.00002373181,0.00006403429,0.00005860961,0.000008654849,0.01083581],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00854181,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0193482,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0106248148635064,"score_gpt":0.186670719507492,"score_spread":0.1760459046439856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}