{"id":"W2610637117","doi":"10.3390/en10050614","title":"Energy Return on Investment of Canadian Oil Sands Extraction from 2009 to 2015","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Global Energy and Sustainability Research","field":"Energy","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"China University of Petroleum, Beijing; National Natural Science Foundation of China; University of Calgary","keywords":"Oil sands; Extraction (chemistry); Environmental science; Fossil fuel; Petroleum engineering; Range (aeronautics); Investment (military); Unconventional oil; Mining engineering; Geology; Engineering; Waste management; Asphalt; Geography; Archaeology; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003654161,0.0003559138,0.0002068912,0.001491237,0.0004597104,0.001210756,0.0004321159,0.0002166535,0.002124166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001558302,0.0001724035,0.0006356654,0.002590882,0.0003337649,0.0004736073,0.0004620082,0.0003712501,0.0002643916],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02674972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01762432,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9709603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9816011,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993418,0.00002060726,0.00002238372,0.00005370794,0.0004052768,0.00015621],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993036,0.00005700509,0.0001213512,0.00002422617,0.000441078,0.00005264056],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009520551,0.00009873904,0.6703127,0.0005093202,0.0006530172,0.001249293,0.0005250639,0.1574654,0.00667304,0.01620024,0.01878873,0.1265725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001731798,0.00006223354,0.9072138,0.0001078049,0.0001862977,0.000226725,0.00141361,0.03731153,0.006045842,0.000833238,0.0464783,0.0001032945],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9323492,0.001486755,0.001591856,0.0007293347,0.00003143932,0.00004417161,0.0339171,0.0001260667,0.02972411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.972008,0.001310839,0.0007345155,0.00004713214,0.000006723203,0.00001017703,0.01351411,0.00001972593,0.0123487],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02903974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1940838,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0229210681618259,"score_gpt":0.2944867325802703,"score_spread":0.2715656644184444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}