{"id":"W2610637117","doi":"10.3390/en10050614","title":"Energy Return on Investment of Canadian Oil Sands Extraction from 2009 to 2015","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Global Energy and Sustainability Research","field":"Energy","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"China University of Petroleum, Beijing; National Natural Science Foundation of China; University of Calgary","keywords":"Oil sands; Extraction (chemistry); Environmental science; Fossil fuel; Petroleum engineering; Range (aeronautics); Investment (military); Unconventional oil; Mining engineering; Geology; Engineering; Waste management; Asphalt; Geography; Archaeology; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002013779,0.000183344,0.0002431364,0.0004117602,0.0003884025,0.0001104689,0.0005285677,0.0001739042,0.0004039471],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000386501,0.0001689777,0.00008686349,0.0001923261,0.0001300012,0.0001946314,0.000104214,0.0001334439,0.00004014929],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002945832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003121945,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9223288,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7872956,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984692,0.0001014138,0.000240619,0.0003447401,0.0003729971,0.0004709908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981698,0.00007591422,0.00009498849,0.001055595,0.0001834236,0.0004202243],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005731273,0.0002315928,0.002281565,0.00003388782,0.0002051646,0.0001639384,0.0009396605,0.1025581,0.01087701,0.6598434,0.07602613,0.1462664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003976531,0.0001841445,0.01172401,0.00004568501,0.00001236752,0.000001481081,0.0004343743,0.0002919816,0.05388997,0.0170022,0.9157553,0.000260785],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6925285,0.0002533056,0.00000371919,0.00368241,0.0004112213,0.0000248157,0.0000479167,0.00003558295,0.3030125],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9768907,0.0001744252,0.000204922,0.0007329643,0.0002235227,0.00003293131,0.00004900784,0.00002006441,0.02167147],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8397292,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.689071,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0229210681618259,"score_gpt":0.2944867325802703,"score_spread":0.2715656644184444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}