{"id":"W2613175622","doi":"10.1007/s41810-017-0007-z","title":"Methanol Extracted Brown Carbon in PM2.5 Over Xi’an, China: Seasonal Variation of Optical Properties and Sources Identification","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aerosol Science and Engineering","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Aethalometer; Levoglucosan; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Total organic carbon; Seasonality; Biomass burning; Carbon fibers; Aerosol; Carbon black; Pyrene; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001708483,0.0003282427,0.0001282133,0.0007399646,0.0004416255,0.0003140338,0.0002556637,0.0002866009,0.0004549571],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001232428,0.0001753418,0.000255396,0.0005439283,0.0002079783,0.0002461164,0.0001880892,0.0001611659,0.00007769212],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000761664,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004519543,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1048436,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.145211,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999173,0.000006976602,0.000005568347,0.00002893821,0.00002298285,0.00001816423],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999193,0.000009929531,0.0000167819,0.000005976449,0.00003490572,0.00001310883],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008119614,0.000180394,0.8042062,0.0002715843,0.000346567,0.0005989352,0.0007407143,0.003715848,0.1671468,0.0002842846,0.001210924,0.02048583],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000632612,0.00001691034,0.9930944,0.000003338034,0.00002702919,0.00003881587,0.0001148872,0.001917702,0.004471493,0.00002038812,0.0002822299,0.000006580546],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991135,0.000113461,0.00009474636,0.00002075939,0.000008125588,0.000004407802,0.0003618623,0.000004522541,0.0002785872],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989347,0.00006842887,0.00009019063,0.00001502499,0.000006387119,0.000005488159,0.0004636497,0.000002047037,0.0004139943],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1048436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2084666,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01546785510001921,"score_gpt":0.2068808589250263,"score_spread":0.1914130038250071,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}