{"id":"W2614866367","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2017.05.018","title":"Solid-phase arsenic speciation in aquifer sediments: A micro-X-ray absorption spectroscopy approach for quantifying trace-level speciation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","topic":"Arsenic contamination and mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Center for Urban and Regional Affairs, University of Minnesota; Office of the Vice President for Research, University of South Carolina; College of Natural Resources and Sciences, Humboldt State University; Office of Science; U.S. Geological Survey; Simon Fraser University; University of Galway; National Institutes for Water Resources; University of Washington; Colorado Department of Natural Resources; Basic Energy Sciences; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National University of Ireland; Division of Ocean Sciences; American Pain Society; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale School of Medicine; U.S. Department of Energy; Department of Natural Resources; American Philosophical Society; University of Minnesota","keywords":"Aquifer; Dissolution; Arsenic; Geology; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Groundwater; Environmental chemistry; Sediment; Geochemistry; Mineralogy; Chemistry; Absorption spectroscopy; Geomorphology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000181383,0.0002580079,0.0001656251,0.0004507874,0.0003265581,0.0004083007,0.000333104,0.000311537,0.0007776131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000145899,0.0002573453,0.0001880639,0.000287469,0.000261267,0.0002494812,0.0002729922,0.000334437,0.0001760941],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003319118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000404733,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002740703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005725198,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999115,0.00001915967,0.000004453254,0.00002301215,0.0000312321,0.00001068251],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999949,0.00001124808,0.00001013203,0.000005405429,0.00001792486,0.000006340245],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009925439,0.00003174851,0.001651955,0.00004606339,0.00001556675,0.00002232477,0.00003589943,0.0006605513,0.9915365,0.0002356034,0.0000686468,0.005595856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000124764,0.0001960452,0.00919055,0.000005140464,0.00002782319,0.00008834521,0.0001101476,0.01315678,0.9755117,0.0002797892,0.001410387,0.00001074394],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9666218,0.000546619,0.03029338,0.0001434246,0.00002224364,0.00003737456,0.0002962836,0.0002475325,0.001791378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.982788,0.0004180074,0.01478071,0.00003181302,0.000006153429,0.0000183908,0.0001236266,0.00001440283,0.001818869],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002740703,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005449474,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05597627128364923,"score_gpt":0.3604895166401268,"score_spread":0.3045132453564776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}