{"id":"W2614986146","doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1","title":"Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"The Lancet","topic":"Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6689,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Colorado School of Public Health; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus; Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University; National Institute on Aging; Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu; Economic and Social Research Council; School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; U.S. Food and Drug Administration; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Russian Academy of Sciences; Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Universidade Federal de Sergipe; National Health Laboratory Service; Fakultet Medicinskih Nauka, Univerziteta U Kragujevcu; University of Peradeniya; University of Gondar; Arak University of Medical Sciences; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental; Children's Hospital of Michigan; Hacettepe Üniversitesi; Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen; National Institutes of Health; Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services; Simon Fraser University; Jordan University of Science and Technology; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre; National Cancer Institute; Universitat de València; Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina; Virginia Commonwealth University; Central South University; University of Tasmania; Seoul National University; University College Cork; Universität Bielefeld; Public Health Foundation of India; Wageningen University and Research; University of Massachusetts Boston; Arabian Gulf University; National University of Singapore; Arkansas State University; South African Medical Research Council; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada; Rijksuniversiteit Groningen; University of Louisville; Imperial College London; Academy of Medical Sciences; Universitat Pompeu Fabra; National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center; Birzeit University; James Cook University; Wellcome Trust; Heller School for Social Policy and Management; National Institute for Health and Care Research; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Wayne State University; Queen Mary University of London; Brown University; Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand; University of Delhi; Brandeis University; Secretaría de Salud; University of Cincinnati; Aswan University; Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology; Children's National Hospital; Ministry of Health and Medical Education; Johns Hopkins University; Medical Research Council; School of Medicine, Wayne State University; Aarhus Universitet; Universitat de Barcelona; King's College London; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; University of Pennsylvania; George Washington University; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; University of Aberdeen; University of Cape Town; Massachusetts General Hospital; Oklahoma State University; Emory University; United States Agency for International Development; George Mason University; Swansea University; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Universiteit Gent; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Fudan University; Sun Yat-sen University; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","keywords":"Life expectancy; Cause of death; Disease; Demography; Burden of disease; Mortality rate; Medicine; Environmental health; Internal medicine; Population","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008717489,0.0009116538,0.002296277,0.01019201,0.0003641086,0.0008089033,0.000801325,0.0004949796,0.001344011],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01817744,0.0007368989,0.01001889,0.01197813,0.000514645,0.0008524586,0.001666001,0.0007398298,0.0002553322],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001454307,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00422608,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03118423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07388026,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9953207,0.001432738,0.001491748,0.0008632643,0.0007221398,0.0001693238],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9908321,0.003614263,0.002695259,0.0007291566,0.001925922,0.0002031884],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"meta_analysis","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000629288,0.00003407899,0.7248123,0.07563182,0.07620266,0.0002247935,0.0008337327,0.00248891,0.0004455402,0.001468509,0.0201815,0.09704696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003343645,0.0002322884,0.7979093,0.04725076,0.1124601,0.0009085002,0.0007155444,0.002910002,0.0005883332,0.002080272,0.03442195,0.000188535],"study_design_candidate":"meta_analysis","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.122224,0.7678149,0.007001195,0.001403079,0.0003050548,0.0006752231,0.09837009,0.0001712394,0.00203524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6710662,0.2766848,0.01040011,0.001197247,0.0002413394,0.001599655,0.03826753,0.00007714942,0.0004659366],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03118423,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0620054,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1799809830501488,"score_gpt":0.4054945618357161,"score_spread":0.2255135787855673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). 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