{"id":"W2617564004","doi":"10.1039/c7em00084g","title":"Effects of freeze–thawing cycles on desorption behaviors of PAH-contaminated soil in the presence of a biosurfactant: a case study in western Canada","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Processes & Impacts","topic":"Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Petroleum Technology Research Centre","keywords":"Rhamnolipid; Phenanthrene; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Desorption; Contamination; Environmental remediation; Soil contamination; Soil water; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Soil science; Ecology; Geology; Biology; Adsorption","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003972601,0.0003914329,0.0005073296,0.0005381605,0.002757231,0.0008456229,0.0005362107,0.0006155974,0.000470274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004995781,0.000156895,0.0004394871,0.0009691364,0.000566919,0.0003064654,0.0003751282,0.0004162797,0.00009525283],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006298545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004698055,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8540214,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9308972,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995062,0.00002725029,0.0000206316,0.0000877947,0.0002204933,0.0001375502],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994507,0.00008883992,0.00005158807,0.00001894996,0.0003303921,0.00005946097],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001187651,0.0009250206,0.1177967,0.0006631706,0.0001511387,0.006549806,0.004527625,0.007233765,0.8299978,0.0003115334,0.0007152383,0.0299406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006839495,0.002307022,0.448097,0.00007828324,0.0003432497,0.001837911,0.0121033,0.0218395,0.5049428,0.0001770165,0.00799201,0.0002134933],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990227,0.0001496584,0.0001475139,0.00002580465,0.000002517837,0.00003013591,0.000150928,0.000004910931,0.0004657807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961169,0.000586568,0.001452244,0.00003909124,0.000003169679,0.00001615102,0.0002150084,0.000007886212,0.001563093],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1459786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2936766,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009423034380139115,"score_gpt":0.2491470148682768,"score_spread":0.2397239804881377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}