{"id":"W2618417109","doi":"10.1119/1.4994804","title":"Three new roads to the Planck scale","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Physics","topic":"Quantum Electrodynamics and Casimir Effect","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Bishop's University","funders":"","keywords":"Virtual black hole; Planck; Planck energy; Planck length; Planck time; Hawking; Planck scale; Planck mass; Spacetime","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004059453,0.0009699085,0.0009425845,0.001602177,0.003166557,0.006237327,0.001849635,0.003753493,0.01502108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01125816,0.0007092512,0.0007803882,0.0008909807,0.01576201,0.01783813,0.005120235,0.007868937,0.002908654],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002774725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001693902,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008940299,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000814497,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971948,0.001100604,0.0001381121,0.000417461,0.0008821146,0.0002668644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995932,0.002092185,0.0003012256,0.0008574435,0.0004979622,0.0003192424],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009043633,0.000005642445,0.00003902264,0.00003743316,0.000003119423,0.00002315095,0.0001353669,0.0001205659,0.00006420169,0.9920019,0.002731243,0.004829361],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006512875,0.000008845775,0.00006339162,0.0000307874,0.00000238168,0.00002816884,0.00006550758,0.0004114317,0.00009021039,0.973294,0.02598585,0.00001290812],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03381137,0.03913407,0.2137943,0.1530041,0.009517231,0.0001311041,0.0005202847,0.001546181,0.5485414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7159871,0.02277932,0.1386559,0.02116427,0.01140946,0.0006326212,0.0003422716,0.001092298,0.08793671],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01502108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05025053,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0067898301708961,"score_gpt":0.2574715753327394,"score_spread":0.2506817451618433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}