{"id":"W2619787347","doi":"10.1111/jvim.14741","title":"What's in a Name? The Incorrect Use of Case Series as a Study Design Label in Studies Involving Dogs and Cats","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","topic":"Animal testing and alternatives","field":"Veterinary","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Observational study; Research design; Clinical study design; Cohort study; Population; Descriptive statistics; Cohort; Family medicine; Statistics; Clinical trial; Pathology; Environmental health","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001975233,0.0002317842,0.0006979254,0.0002979654,0.0001558801,0.0001222826,0.0004401612,0.0000396994,0.00001294579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003705785,0.0001382079,0.00004632222,0.00008551685,0.0005408177,0.001630038,0.0004086462,0.0005451443,0.000001004424],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008555922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004256556,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003023997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003776125,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997789,0.0005531611,0.0009265425,0.0001998625,0.0003244309,0.0002069489],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969726,0.00132873,0.001093696,0.0002991235,0.0002269701,0.00007886282],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"case_report","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01881108,0.001165446,0.396307,0.0003181249,0.0007777596,0.3936928,0.143741,0.00003226287,0.02280346,0.00003587934,0.0003033623,0.02201188],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007990901,0.132194,0.2772693,0.01981025,0.0002047917,0.3575962,0.2021061,0.0009834776,0.0001908454,0.001069983,0.0001733794,0.0004107747],"study_design_candidate":"case_report","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932598,0.004481242,0.00001970615,0.001110061,0.0008374757,0.0002548096,0.000001210603,0.000006210094,0.00002948932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971161,0.001887204,0.0005411108,0.0000880531,0.0002269869,0.000009267215,7.395931e-8,0.00001933913,0.0001118255],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1310285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5635957,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4803693700649941,"score_gpt":0.4970173456496126,"score_spread":0.0166479755846185,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}