{"id":"W2620748125","doi":"10.20581/arele.20.0_81","title":"Improving Japanese University Students' Second Language Writing Accuracy : Effects of Languaging","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ARELE: Annual Review of English Language Education in Japan","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Linguistics; Mathematics education; Higher education; Computer science; Academic writing; Pedagogy; Psychology; Natural language processing; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007168049,0.0001740253,0.0003985012,0.0002107825,0.0001046625,0.00004158401,0.0003594332,0.00004532729,0.0005969957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003415969,0.0001728358,0.0001105776,0.0001522613,0.00006245042,0.0004481968,0.00005315963,0.0003542958,0.000007656841],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006370104,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001254756,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001156055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001762964,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985698,0.00026548,0.0004355778,0.0002415878,0.0002539367,0.0002335915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984438,0.0004437148,0.0004084733,0.0003056503,0.0003313599,0.00006694457],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008297032,0.000338203,0.001786384,0.006352745,0.00002239778,0.000008995751,0.8446913,0.000001193304,0.0004782406,0.001865377,0.00129629,0.1431505],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000510174,0.0001405119,0.004173267,0.01145787,0.00007648635,0.000002027057,0.9657435,0.000004826392,0.0003234542,0.000005759683,0.01726474,0.0002974303],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.94892,0.03124253,0.000001590691,0.00005589813,0.0004390647,0.0003244537,0.00002155211,0.00006531708,0.01892957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944653,0.0005277947,0.00008458798,0.000387332,0.0005859361,0.000003879511,0.00006853769,0.00001689271,0.003859751],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1428531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7048038,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004560655814634006,"score_gpt":0.2739031908717643,"score_spread":0.2693425350571303,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}