{"id":"W2625152820","doi":"","title":"Comparing R&D Tax Regimes: Australia, Canada, UK and US","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British tax review","topic":"Innovation Policy and R&D","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Political science; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003372339,0.00009706709,0.0004479317,0.00002782355,0.0003219962,0.0002189807,0.0002601517,0.00004649731,0.00051313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002278098,0.0001348412,0.00004620755,0.00006216358,0.0000666495,0.0001607645,0.00007346718,0.0001187094,0.0001281445],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005453265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000387791,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8242736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4813613,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989926,0.000007646478,0.0004877745,0.0002550114,0.00003177009,0.0002251767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990043,0.000009162676,0.0004884326,0.0003952039,0.00003294904,0.00006992777],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001297146,0.00001806645,0.1504698,0.001755408,0.00004993006,0.00006533883,0.00001357746,7.551531e-7,6.073166e-7,0.1142977,0.7215696,0.01175796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001559536,0.00000476391,0.2340283,0.001140996,0.00000537374,0.00006520704,0.000001192058,0.00001172957,0.000002270324,0.001698898,0.7627206,0.0001646645],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3222119,0.4227266,0.00008316189,0.01061551,0.001427129,0.0009350877,0.001276911,0.00004053689,0.2406831],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9042017,0.06226913,0.0001840253,0.003535011,0.0001620386,0.00002461256,0.00002377843,0.00001465423,0.02958504],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5819898,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5618414,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09955431358746837,"score_gpt":0.2799108670649553,"score_spread":0.1803565534774869,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}