{"id":"W2729846375","doi":"10.1007/s40565-017-0301-4","title":"Application of new directional logic to improve DC side fault discrimination for high resistance faults in HVDC grids","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy","topic":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","field":"Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Circuit breaker; Transient (computer programming); Relay; Fault (geology); Inductor; Modular design; Grid; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Transmission line; Electronic engineering; Fault current limiter; Line (geometry); Voltage; Transient voltage suppressor; Sensitivity (control systems); Current limiting; Computer science; Electric power system; Power (physics)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002377486,0.0004564284,0.0001912903,0.0004287803,0.0001598006,0.0005594802,0.0005417962,0.0002426964,0.001041788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006849768,0.0001174873,0.0001453412,0.0002125505,0.0002446374,0.0007002772,0.0002591125,0.000282287,0.0002454125],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002108943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001565895,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001930922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003991151,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997997,0.0000394875,0.00001979904,0.00005065761,0.00007394506,0.00001649615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994652,0.0001375943,0.0001495835,0.0001059233,0.0001182156,0.00002358606],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000675281,0.0001450668,0.003130432,0.0003191778,0.00002710943,0.0003341505,0.0002031992,0.02668889,0.6039345,0.01034271,0.0007670568,0.3534323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001362491,0.002173948,0.004218269,0.00005468524,0.0001101562,0.001608206,0.0001045442,0.3698374,0.5973178,0.005055976,0.01931943,0.00006336573],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1541338,0.000446799,0.8383846,0.0001130649,0.00005820392,0.0001093866,0.00005018244,0.001482062,0.005222014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8949848,0.0001697421,0.1035752,0.00005920149,0.0000256942,0.00002095324,0.00003929513,0.00003422401,0.00109081],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001041788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003485143,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01108967327626249,"score_gpt":0.2390909158313715,"score_spread":0.228001242555109,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}