{"id":"W2730095281","doi":"10.1111/twec.12515","title":"How did investor‐state dispute settlement get a bad rap? Blame it on<scp>NAFTA</scp>, of course","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Economy","topic":"International Arbitration and Investment Law","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Blame; Treaty; State (computer science); International trade; Investment (military); Foreign direct investment; Corporate governance; Bilateral investment treaty; Investor-state dispute settlement; Economics; Settlement (finance); International economics; Law and economics; Law; Political science; International investment; Macroeconomics; Politics; Finance; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002560586,0.0002175905,0.0002436411,0.0002061546,0.0003006559,0.0009072168,0.0005118162,0.000029639,0.000376631],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006338543,0.0002094554,0.0001315679,0.00006898226,0.0001667934,0.001771677,0.0001721107,0.0001242828,0.0006172954],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005047654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003316579,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001259241,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007534907,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988874,0.000008398139,0.0003301291,0.0003151578,0.0001793159,0.0002795987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998655,0.00004147368,0.0006595037,0.0004899771,0.0001212598,0.00003284985],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001269173,0.0001828282,0.02559034,0.00005923664,0.0001407435,0.000008597389,0.00007409589,0.00006346001,0.00008503161,0.7024841,0.2707612,0.0005376685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000721196,0.0000156719,0.01802885,0.0000547767,0.00002998414,3.921274e-7,0.00004405528,0.001991817,0.0006182435,0.01106636,0.9673063,0.0001223867],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1042012,0.00002684515,0.00009662197,0.0300171,0.0008342607,0.0004336923,0.00004472215,0.00006270783,0.8642828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8966787,0.000008700506,0.0001772821,0.04000852,0.0009625026,0.00006414557,0.0001146366,0.0000317229,0.06195372],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8023291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8748313,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01932491759547814,"score_gpt":0.2326539735145169,"score_spread":0.2133290559190388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}