{"id":"W2734910861","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2312415","title":"Subjective or Objective? Nonparametric Estimation of Misreporting and Mis-Assessment in Corporate Credit Rating","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Credit Risk and Financial Regulations","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Credit rating; Nonparametric statistics; Bond credit rating; Econometrics; Estimation; Actuarial science; Rating scale; Business; Economics; Psychology; Accounting; Statistics; Credit risk; Credit reference; Mathematics; Management","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001760194,0.0001288004,0.0003593763,0.0005122779,0.000145076,0.00006979939,0.00009739411,0.00008107686,0.00006161175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006299455,0.0001281131,0.00006452152,0.0006710517,0.00004635243,0.000432016,0.0000218053,0.0007890026,0.0000107979],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007379162,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007340572,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001308365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009337327,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979605,0.00002722403,0.0009297283,0.0002329235,0.00006725627,0.0007823746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981259,0.0001358111,0.001471587,0.0001166109,0.00009618521,0.00005396887],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003311968,0.0001205577,0.739109,0.00001811284,0.00006772445,0.000003635661,0.0005897047,0.002297138,0.00009991471,0.2127193,0.00001386863,0.04492788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005311247,0.0002125795,0.6639797,0.00002208752,0.000006164147,0.00007414432,0.001033979,0.02736109,0.00003432158,0.3065999,0.00001486036,0.0001300019],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9575866,0.001206576,0.03940856,0.0001410789,0.000150085,0.000256977,0.000006456352,0.000009253356,0.001234376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967211,0.000592394,0.002298219,0.000004690596,0.00009481679,0.00002096571,0.000004482555,0.00001564894,0.0002476275],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09388061,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5224302,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02115064754661749,"score_gpt":0.2503006388075055,"score_spread":0.229149991260888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}