{"id":"W2735498592","doi":"10.1098/rsos.170036","title":"Conventional oil and natural gas infrastructure increases brown-headed cowbird ( <i>Molothrus ater</i> ) relative abundance and parasitism in mixed-grass prairie","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Royal Society Open Science","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Alberta; University of Manitoba; Cenovus Energy","keywords":"Cowbird; Brood parasite; Parasitism; Ecology; Biology; Habitat; Brood; Abundance (ecology); Host (biology)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006557777,0.0001881111,0.0002297754,0.00001385226,0.00179673,0.0004320122,0.001182423,0.0001376687,0.0001748069],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000175537,0.0001659456,0.00004617323,0.0001388049,0.006117646,0.001719063,0.001760266,0.0003574541,0.00003743232],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001853173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008743611,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001413751,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00347405,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982137,0.00006555768,0.0002069668,0.0007075295,0.0003510996,0.0004551546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991797,0.0000919291,0.000206048,0.0003148885,0.00002055403,0.0001868627],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001761449,0.0000468383,0.991671,0.000005051008,0.000004607355,0.00001361724,0.0003183532,0.0000182829,0.001715678,0.0001561566,0.001020194,0.005012654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008691393,0.00005230002,0.9958801,0.00003625585,0.00001163007,0.000038716,0.0001884026,0.0005582992,0.0003854875,0.00113533,0.0006189203,0.0002253667],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996548,0.000102995,0.00002153385,0.001305404,0.0001748101,0.0001684068,0.00002085022,0.0000151073,0.001642924],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948335,0.00004714825,0.002769213,0.000456046,0.00001739007,0.00002819332,0.000004543233,0.000007750541,0.001836198],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004787287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995028,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009369789513507547,"score_gpt":0.2720346931751552,"score_spread":0.2626649036616476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}