{"id":"W2735512713","doi":"10.1111/fmii.12081","title":"Managerial gaming of stock and option grants","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Financial Markets Institutions and Instruments","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Equity (law); Stock (firearms); Business; Stock price; Stock options; Economics; Finance; Political science; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003993454,0.0003090907,0.000274793,0.0008373177,0.0007560393,0.00327691,0.0005493014,0.0009827919,0.01018063],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02419088,0.0001472001,0.0002840813,0.0004119979,0.002109978,0.002518969,0.001889962,0.001326102,0.000459196],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001238404,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008341959,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001331795,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002458387,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9957201,0.001884679,0.0001910593,0.0002402684,0.001066993,0.0008968464],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9578408,0.02160663,0.01374465,0.002218031,0.001882596,0.002707401],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001361782,0.002732361,0.5574039,0.0003944009,0.000429881,0.001766209,0.006953998,0.02190706,0.01190779,0.1841596,0.00352781,0.2074553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000210259,0.002440626,0.7883285,0.0003924171,0.0002354661,0.00126476,0.00849752,0.02854559,0.006990556,0.1381529,0.0247747,0.0001666812],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9461668,0.0004728073,0.002055458,0.0006556015,0.00002271601,0.00005027977,0.00004265569,0.00002039054,0.05051323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985354,0.00004971587,0.0001469658,0.00005677693,0.00001992273,0.000007062853,0.00000633031,0.000001074826,0.001176764],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01018063,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03405756,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02606710096854973,"score_gpt":0.2383012282752397,"score_spread":0.21223412730669,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}