{"id":"W2735643036","doi":"10.3386/w23589","title":"Vulnerability and Clientelism","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo; University of Toronto; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Clientelism; Vulnerability (computing); Business; Computer security; Political science; Computer science; Politics; Law; Democracy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0061719,0.0001810236,0.0007149329,0.0006067896,0.0003738171,0.000129275,0.0004967648,0.0002684545,0.0006957365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003240891,0.0002116515,0.0001552395,0.00005984661,0.0005751708,0.0001893841,0.000318758,0.0005667452,0.0005963819],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008906347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000823429,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002121275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001657025,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977635,0.00004121744,0.0009203033,0.0006831313,0.0002800119,0.0003118067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971648,0.0003560455,0.0009833082,0.0005145165,0.0008936677,0.00008759959],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021129,0.00006897675,0.05991721,0.0002111353,0.0001860887,9.874529e-7,0.0000870764,0.00001494647,0.000001426925,0.8301929,0.107642,0.001656067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002454431,0.00003680496,0.05211715,0.00003972593,0.000002239135,0.000002655628,0.00002083769,0.00006417775,0.000005651956,0.6233016,0.324,0.0001637484],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.003139129,0.005836437,0.000009850649,0.001087207,0.0008660512,0.0003239333,0.0004834881,0.00001182633,0.9882421],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9473906,0.007263148,0.0001404469,0.00002363729,0.0007774093,0.0001047206,0.0001343389,0.00003101308,0.04413467],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9442515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8630899,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5763396256818348,"score_gpt":0.5261827864232573,"score_spread":0.0501568392585775,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}