{"id":"W2735643036","doi":"10.3386/w23589","title":"Vulnerability and Clientelism","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo; University of Toronto; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Clientelism; Vulnerability (computing); Business; Computer security; Political science; Computer science; Politics; Law; Democracy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001918258,0.0002151647,0.0002617607,0.0009451966,0.00215358,0.001956411,0.0003741498,0.0009314584,0.01138377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009522782,0.0001530492,0.0002517065,0.0007618887,0.003688307,0.001322551,0.003281944,0.001544711,0.0003562888],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001665117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001519051,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00275697,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004141244,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973465,0.001237632,0.00009894924,0.000253542,0.000437084,0.0006262946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9894906,0.004062737,0.00342283,0.0006948797,0.0004128253,0.001916123],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003245416,0.001012331,0.6011003,0.0003094256,0.0001430597,0.001541506,0.02869309,0.001344025,0.002232079,0.2579643,0.005349129,0.09998631],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009751118,0.000421042,0.6804328,0.0005593557,0.00008461405,0.002790803,0.03934263,0.003997245,0.001629302,0.2076875,0.0628797,0.00007755002],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8739062,0.001188691,0.003380392,0.007320702,0.00004678119,0.0000554522,0.0001053583,0.00001657237,0.1139798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998117,0.0001715883,0.0001419714,0.0002029392,0.00001506317,0.00001080529,0.00001110806,0.000002350872,0.001327171],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01138377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03808254,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5763396256818348,"score_gpt":0.5261827864232573,"score_spread":0.0501568392585775,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}