{"id":"W2738876158","doi":"10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00426","title":"Low Buffer Capacity and Alternating Motility along the Human Gastrointestinal Tract: Implications for <i>in Vivo</i> Dissolution and Absorption of Ionizable Drugs","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Molecular Pharmaceutics","topic":"Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems","field":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics","cited_by":130,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration","keywords":"Jejunum; Duodenum; Chemistry; In vivo; Dissolution; Stomach; Ibuprofen; Dissolution testing; Dosage form; Chromatography; Human gastrointestinal tract; Gastrointestinal tract; Bicarbonate; Absorption (acoustics); Pharmacology; Medicine; Internal medicine; Biochemistry; Materials science; Biopharmaceutics Classification System; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004446759,0.0002504233,0.0003663249,0.0002647987,0.0001799372,0.0005699872,0.0001742434,0.0003713035,0.000708736],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008401193,0.0001493808,0.0001287902,0.0001444279,0.0005210941,0.0004032685,0.0002111909,0.0003019048,0.00009456103],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001532304,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002164487,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001151893,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000846333,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998215,0.00006189357,0.00001383931,0.00005077383,0.00003054015,0.00002150629],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996605,0.0001016412,0.0001536422,0.00002065573,0.0000290101,0.00003463958],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.008135759,0.0001268248,0.1120338,0.0002608463,0.00008677708,0.0006131576,0.0004386101,0.0003245647,0.8599011,0.0002393414,0.0001209414,0.01771821],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009410825,0.007073976,0.7377667,0.00003524277,0.0001598254,0.003311099,0.0009663972,0.002453229,0.245775,0.0003575815,0.001953561,0.00005329432],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957975,0.001983469,0.001562265,0.0001023398,0.00001036666,0.000027101,0.0001143337,0.00001070939,0.0003919245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982783,0.0004206615,0.0009742606,0.00005274712,0.00001262519,0.00001457839,0.00008003745,0.000004473054,0.0001624825],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001151893,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002370954,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1059700953341727,"score_gpt":0.4130351071011738,"score_spread":0.3070650117670011,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}