{"id":"W2741598309","doi":"10.1080/15435075.2017.1359785","title":"Two-dimensional modeling of torrefaction of a large biomass particle","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Green Energy","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Prince Edward Island; University of Guelph; Dalhousie University","funders":"National Institute of Technology Durgapur","keywords":"Torrefaction; Biomass (ecology); Environmental science; Particle (ecology); Pulp and paper industry; Bioenergy; Biofuel; Waste management; Engineering; Agronomy; Pyrolysis; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000150697,0.0005720532,0.0006030834,0.0002771148,0.000439935,0.0009920034,0.0009390371,0.001162932,0.001701258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003246274,0.0004178103,0.0008188948,0.0003926202,0.000349074,0.0005990689,0.0004109537,0.0005618128,0.0002807209],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006512338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005943442,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0115798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005174111,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999143,0.00001312608,0.000004985814,0.00002221538,0.00002789571,0.0000174609],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999869,0.00005515169,0.00002133709,0.00001475789,0.00002802195,0.00001176655],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002076424,0.00001635723,0.0005588002,0.00003887834,0.000007749254,0.00008136369,0.00002456921,0.991586,0.005262258,0.000936649,0.00009977011,0.001366846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001871642,0.000005899404,0.000162059,0.000001280424,0.000001677393,0.000008899326,0.000004089555,0.9989513,0.0005872111,0.0001000513,0.0001721259,0.000003661207],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5323679,0.001077614,0.4311541,0.0004248859,0.0001832328,0.0001646938,0.001546494,0.0006021824,0.03247888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9699191,0.0006174062,0.01936775,0.00005156145,0.0000173017,0.0001863405,0.0004238692,0.0000644871,0.00935223],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0115798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0230248,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0137938734000543,"score_gpt":0.2578299397152752,"score_spread":0.2440360663152209,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}