{"id":"W27459002","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2016-0022","title":"Detection of Differential Item Functioning in the Generalized Full-Information Item Bifactor Analysis Model","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Differential item functioning; Item response theory; Curse of dimensionality; Psychometrics; Computer science; A priori and a posteriori; Psychology; Item analysis; Statistics; Rasch model; Artificial intelligence; Econometrics; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005101578,0.00009487147,0.0002704413,0.001366233,0.0001128466,0.0001385552,0.0003398041,0.00007085052,0.0002655227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.017281,0.00005005426,0.0001878232,0.004995486,0.00002354444,0.0008774267,0.00005414472,0.0001063785,0.00001651939],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002693893,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001006677,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001234339,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004315245,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975529,0.0004487527,0.000769517,0.0001387875,0.0008670018,0.0002230508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.990741,0.008262271,0.0004185513,0.0003724143,0.0001606406,0.00004518668],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001390198,0.00009978947,0.5633502,0.000007011376,0.0001222922,1.019027e-7,0.003072297,0.02775892,0.01274674,0.001535753,0.0002376163,0.3909303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002098822,0.00002207755,0.3901976,0.000001306758,0.00005464825,0.00000129726,0.00137933,0.6063263,0.000783532,0.0007862241,0.0001708373,0.00006692798],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5175983,0.00002420764,0.4807447,0.00002660812,0.0002026966,0.00005461862,0.000001718504,0.00001401242,0.001333146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990958,0.000005819102,0.008798589,0.00006263742,0.00005905762,0.000009323423,0.000004021431,0.000002216671,0.000100362],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5785674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9909968,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3654822935973768,"score_gpt":0.420291226824581,"score_spread":0.05480893322720415,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}