{"id":"W2748456478","doi":"10.1177/1461355717714000","title":"Immigrant perceptions of the police","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Police Science & Management","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Perception; Social psychology; Psychology; Subject (documents); Criminology; Political science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001699084,0.00006606228,0.00009623131,0.0002663431,0.001453302,0.0004263704,0.003602846,0.00002389677,0.0002052454],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001590143,0.00004730152,0.0001513829,0.0001976846,0.001531515,0.001182221,0.000365037,0.0001366769,0.00002431163],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002031901,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002444304,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1633474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02283578,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978573,0.00006686201,0.0003089044,0.000105824,0.00143285,0.0002282846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980677,0.00004878012,0.0008149336,0.0003509407,0.0006026286,0.0001150276],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008074241,0.000672602,0.05095096,0.00002173823,0.0003649845,0.000007475589,0.4567916,0.0007053447,0.01617884,0.3714259,0.007739607,0.09506023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002980415,0.00002500723,0.9085234,0.0001020076,0.00005416151,0.0000167647,0.03703031,0.00003752877,0.0001579284,0.00114861,0.05251489,0.00009136335],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.836741,0.000004581788,0.0001381132,0.01855974,0.002157609,0.000104415,0.000009876043,0.000005977613,0.1422787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956513,0.0002582897,0.000467484,0.0004734731,0.0006392057,0.000001507424,9.893382e-8,0.000003563263,0.002505052],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8575724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998467,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03895626882286221,"score_gpt":0.4220981139607218,"score_spread":0.3831418451378595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}