{"id":"W2754164706","doi":"10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017585","title":"The incidence and healthcare costs of persistent postoperative pain following lumbar spine surgery in the UK: a cohort study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) and Hospital Episode Statistics (HES)","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMJ Open","topic":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","field":"Medicine","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health","funders":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","keywords":"Medicine; Incidence (geometry); Lumbar; Cohort; Health care; Population; Retrospective cohort study; Cohort study; Surgery; Emergency medicine; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.03316719,0.0001197676,0.0004667035,0.00003883753,0.0008253439,0.0002862838,0.000605787,0.00006464934,0.000004692224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03099702,0.00005996018,0.00007674519,0.00009631583,0.0005580821,0.0003063325,0.00107013,0.0005522599,0.000001293176],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005569144,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003319827,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01273661,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006008024,"domain_scores_codex":[0.994603,0.003568017,0.0006478631,0.0003629475,0.0005342346,0.0002839707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996749,0.001456834,0.0003162724,0.001051959,0.0003456169,0.00008033993],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001662228,0.0002452914,0.9856559,0.00003007231,0.0001769566,0.000505721,0.003690605,3.018672e-7,0.00002510101,0.0002470223,0.003673804,0.005582981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007347853,0.002200651,0.9534467,0.0004044103,0.0001181366,0.0001147642,0.04189602,0.0008670865,0.000003013013,0.00002928584,0.0001039343,0.00008121938],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9663613,0.000606672,0.00004451608,0.02508233,0.0001682089,0.00754683,0.00002639063,0.000002049041,0.0001616605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973078,0.0002637441,0.0007598876,0.001273161,0.00006602598,0.0002430674,0.00001460069,0.00001148881,0.00006016229],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03820542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9955578,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2915788050607982,"score_gpt":0.5650699511066998,"score_spread":0.2734911460459016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}