{"id":"W2758372128","doi":"10.19173/irrodl.v18i6.2967","title":"Digital Immigrants in Distance Education","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning","topic":"Online and Blended Learning","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Perspective (graphical); The Internet; Digital native; Class (philosophy); Sociology; Qualitative research; Mathematics education; Distance education; Pedagogy; Psychology; Computer science; Social science; World Wide Web; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002095628,0.0001948349,0.0002428646,0.0006258797,0.005464367,0.006839679,0.0006791367,0.001619129,0.01381928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002616717,0.000108926,0.0002016386,0.001264748,0.002792821,0.004217504,0.005988522,0.001639128,0.00107736],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003246894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004160592,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008462131,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01523077,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987347,0.0006490048,0.00004464053,0.000114427,0.0002062789,0.0002509698],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990044,0.0003311876,0.0000977468,0.00004467414,0.0001287944,0.0003932463],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001151141,0.0005091016,0.01982623,0.001237349,0.00002887565,0.002399414,0.2942722,0.0001534914,0.0009404198,0.2247272,0.05094763,0.404843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000174657,0.0001439482,0.01265816,0.001504801,0.00001771521,0.0005122575,0.4284838,0.0001175783,0.0004260948,0.007539931,0.5485566,0.0000215462],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5688401,0.03725872,0.001148283,0.05515351,0.003580479,0.0001286735,0.00008151148,0.00003647224,0.3337722],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8963454,0.01849934,0.00057244,0.007503321,0.0004574503,0.0000872414,0.00006134887,0.00001745204,0.07645611],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01381928,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04623008,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08091457310738294,"score_gpt":0.5000433563113135,"score_spread":0.4191287832039305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}