{"id":"W2758821752","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01637","title":"One Label or Two? Linguistic Influences on the Similarity Judgment of Objects between English and Japanese Speakers","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Psychology","topic":"Categorization, perception, and language","field":"Psychology","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Similarity (geometry); Psychology; Object (grammar); Perception; Task (project management); Linguistics; Linguistic relativity; Cognition; Cognitive psychology; Artificial intelligence; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005978897,0.0001755716,0.0003749763,0.0001694555,0.0002190316,0.00003988381,0.0005041743,0.000201724,0.0004563488],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007045241,0.0001367249,0.00003973649,0.000127053,0.0006650778,0.0000604013,0.00005302333,0.0003040394,0.0000162125],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002994355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002554461,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00064909,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000503298,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984614,0.0002423905,0.0003698137,0.0004528138,0.0001563789,0.0003172419],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984727,0.0001801184,0.0002710857,0.0009158328,0.0000887522,0.00007154136],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006021216,0.0004337737,0.8910087,0.00003419127,0.0001947934,0.00002631276,0.07439525,0.000002100949,0.00008875867,0.001746938,0.01211505,0.019352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002497615,0.0003597184,0.9832368,0.00004198929,0.00006201009,0.000003402558,0.00553411,0.000009825031,0.00002155996,0.004910655,0.00311757,0.0002047636],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9551983,0.0003561058,0.0002601845,0.0005736361,0.003986945,0.0003766863,0.00003730492,0.00003257092,0.0391782],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974211,0.0001414993,0.0005976406,0.000713027,0.000573012,0.0000314291,0.00001823494,0.00002003109,0.000483971],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09222807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5575482,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05596365833034577,"score_gpt":0.368254061894922,"score_spread":0.3122904035645762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}