{"id":"W2759762342","doi":"10.1016/j.jedc.2017.09.004","title":"Innovation, firm size and the Canada-U.S. productivity gap","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Productivity; Subsidy; Economics; Incentive; Benchmark (surveying); Industrial organization; Public economics; Microeconomics; Macroeconomics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001266291,0.0001443149,0.0003426247,0.002359646,0.001966764,0.003274157,0.0006881941,0.0008910975,0.006006966],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007330724,0.0001069713,0.0004024041,0.004790586,0.001871381,0.001057127,0.001327702,0.001106889,0.0003501883],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02172146,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03868147,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9728756,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9804791,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992045,0.00004442899,0.00002801722,0.00009258833,0.0002386645,0.0003918577],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9913822,0.002137895,0.001365438,0.0001646059,0.002704401,0.002245527],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002964524,0.0001305015,0.8747679,0.0001234906,0.0001337336,0.0004784554,0.001711072,0.00517665,0.0003825533,0.05277641,0.02549519,0.03852755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004364317,0.00002604159,0.9750064,0.0001136612,0.00008536577,0.00007610654,0.003058721,0.003453803,0.0002649366,0.004799799,0.01303786,0.00003370187],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9422289,0.007285307,0.0003298482,0.01331859,0.0001147207,0.00001811401,0.004122782,0.00004888749,0.03253286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957166,0.0009557469,0.00006287389,0.0002542071,0.00003060727,0.000002450358,0.0006064434,0.000006829907,0.002364063],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0271244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1576009,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02016702534944134,"score_gpt":0.1975129099334883,"score_spread":0.177345884584047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}