{"id":"W2762800551","doi":"10.4039/tce.2017.49","title":"Contribution of DNA barcoding to the study of the bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Canada: progress to date","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Entomologist","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; York University; University of Calgary; Royal Saskatchewan Museum; University of Regina; University of Manitoba; Ministry of Environment","funders":"York University; Ministry of Environment; Genome Canada; Ontario Genomics; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Agriculture - Saskatchewan; Ontario Genomics Institute","keywords":"Halictidae; DNA barcoding; Biology; Apoidea; Megachilidae; Hymenoptera; Taxon; Zoology; Ecology; Apidae; Genus; Species complex; Pollination; Pollen; Pollinator","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003990426,0.00008006204,0.000165811,0.000006706806,0.0009246991,0.00003257196,0.0009635164,0.00002225785,0.00001690201],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002474543,0.00002084918,0.00003115766,0.0001208427,0.0002014551,0.00002093484,0.0001957195,0.00005758807,0.000001066444],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005461509,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006852212,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9577562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9996812,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992033,0.00007597864,0.0001654105,0.0001154216,0.0001961835,0.0002437655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994396,0.00008259113,0.0001656307,0.0001102709,0.000115401,0.00008651474],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001873924,0.0001854185,0.8974494,0.00001823421,0.0002674791,0.00002593911,0.00359472,0.00006963939,0.05137309,0.00549806,0.01845265,0.02287797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006294793,0.0002146005,0.9853016,0.00002122855,0.0000162375,0.000001287454,0.001106452,0.000003058182,0.005149586,0.00003154771,0.008036043,0.00005546061],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9793469,0.0000795802,5.290093e-8,0.01904281,0.00008031895,0.0004843996,0.0002411702,0.000002526702,0.0007222339],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995576,0.000002998363,0.000001488235,0.0001922201,0.00004140877,0.00001665776,0.000002585159,4.385877e-7,0.0001846017],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08785215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7112132,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04662917653406895,"score_gpt":0.241092537705996,"score_spread":0.1944633611719271,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}