{"id":"W2764322554","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2017.10.010","title":"Toward direct pore-scale modeling of three-phase displacements","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in Water Resources","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Micromodel; Capillary pressure; Saturation (graph theory); Capillary action; Wetting; Multiphase flow; Porous medium; Materials science; Geology; Pore water pressure; Mechanics; Phase (matter); Imbibition; Hysteresis; Geotechnical engineering; Porosity; Chemistry; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001615896,0.000168457,0.000269468,0.00009703508,0.00007067044,0.00004399373,0.0004596384,0.00006317376,0.00002097181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002083992,0.0001318207,0.000056542,0.00003207047,0.00007543645,0.0006715534,0.000111905,0.0001240862,0.000005560919],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003969295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001673976,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005511528,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002257369,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990079,0.00001179674,0.0003033484,0.0002036194,0.0001738724,0.0002994059],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993905,0.00001839764,0.00005550819,0.0004751092,0.00002016107,0.00004031528],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002930388,0.0002303397,0.02977751,0.0009761083,0.00009433916,0.00006719794,0.006491654,0.7288869,0.04137122,0.0000642744,0.00004836019,0.1916991],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001110484,0.0001444516,0.0002267673,0.0005324717,0.00001928897,0.00000330448,0.00009677179,0.3277251,0.6415724,0.005909557,0.02216148,0.000497865],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9473323,0.00164566,0.01829979,0.00001773718,0.0001949451,0.0001520459,0.00001165451,0.000206415,0.0321395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956441,0.0008512876,0.00329451,0.000005823914,0.00004044969,0.00004086723,0.000008000033,0.00003533428,0.00007965986],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6002012,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5375494,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01692325401901374,"score_gpt":0.2843800071838688,"score_spread":0.2674567531648551,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}