{"id":"W2765493762","doi":"10.3390/su9112019","title":"Crowdsourcing Analysis of Twitter Data on Climate Change: Paid Workers vs. Volunteers","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainability","topic":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Mount Saint Vincent University","funders":"University of Florida","keywords":"Crowdsourcing; Amateur; Data processing; Citizen science; Data science; Social media; Computer science; Climate change; Limiting; World Wide Web; Engineering; Database; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004614581,0.000342738,0.0005627337,0.001873786,0.0008493064,0.001420354,0.0004571159,0.0006011449,0.001843259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02039111,0.0001680112,0.0006274488,0.001605208,0.0006167335,0.0009130455,0.001056178,0.0004761052,0.0007826858],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005453993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006864881,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006596046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006781541,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968484,0.001429413,0.0001863335,0.0004200127,0.0008363838,0.0002794682],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9861448,0.008825567,0.001097298,0.00153097,0.001959411,0.00044195],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005096317,0.0009379227,0.577656,0.001435987,0.0007262048,0.001527345,0.02004959,0.02218725,0.03624023,0.006658236,0.01349459,0.3139903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002193418,0.000912016,0.7104808,0.0002789819,0.0003207466,0.0006467945,0.02585221,0.1963888,0.02119592,0.01908889,0.02439776,0.0002176843],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9708319,0.0002450938,0.02059778,0.0008318679,0.0001145648,0.0003423666,0.00113966,0.0002149206,0.005681907],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912518,0.0000619727,0.00648244,0.00009828794,0.00005692757,0.0001412101,0.0006134004,0.00004122476,0.001252718],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006596046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02440453,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05085086884443499,"score_gpt":0.3298584126768211,"score_spread":0.2790075438323861,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}