{"id":"W2766272051","doi":"10.1002/asi.24130","title":"Statistical significance and effect sizes of differences among research universities at the level of nations and worldwide based on the leiden rankings","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology","topic":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Surrey; Queen's University; Swansea University; Durham University; University of Bristol; Cardiff University; Loughborough University; University of Glasgow; University of Nottingham; University of Leeds; University of Aberdeen; Newcastle University; University of Reading; University of Warwick; University of Oxford; University of Dundee; Queen Mary University of London; Imperial College London; Bangor University; Queen's University Belfast; University of Cambridge; University of St Andrews; University College London; University of Southampton; University of Birmingham; University of Leicester; University of Exeter; London School of Economics and Political Science; King's College London","keywords":"Excellence; Stability (learning theory); Uncorrelated; Isomorphism (crystallography); Incentive; Homogeneous; Statistical significance; Econometrics; Statistics; Mathematics education; Psychology; Political science; Mathematics; Computer science; Economics; Law; Combinatorics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02621026,0.0008772902,0.001449349,0.009299627,0.0006613627,0.001879238,0.001232151,0.001357394,0.01272372],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1102937,0.0002784267,0.002604556,0.006964844,0.003682867,0.002973324,0.002773795,0.002926814,0.0008197954],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007005939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006320438,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002132312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001246656,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9567772,0.02791597,0.002258376,0.005415437,0.006027774,0.001605363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.6793188,0.2980226,0.009645788,0.007188576,0.002966141,0.002858021],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"evaluation","domain_candidate":"evaluation","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007567664,0.0007069523,0.9015957,0.001284914,0.01827717,0.0009081379,0.003178355,0.003964316,0.006190491,0.01309674,0.006104516,0.0371251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003583454,0.001994161,0.9704294,0.0001385552,0.002841898,0.0003307879,0.002963886,0.00767982,0.002315578,0.007683195,0.003180836,0.0000835548],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9726237,0.00171014,0.008147825,0.0008126345,0.0002915477,0.0002996548,0.005013883,0.0001458795,0.01095471],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955369,0.000138263,0.001846602,0.0000572827,0.00008118726,0.0003150147,0.001120334,0.00006554124,0.0008389222],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9907004,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1386148,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3199335946386695,"score_gpt":0.4928192191072808,"score_spread":0.1728856244686113,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}