{"id":"W2766525752","doi":"10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2017-390","title":"Micro-bubble Formation under Non-wetting Conditions in a Full-scale Water Model of a Ladle Shroud/Tundish System","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISIJ International","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Ladle; Shroud; Tundish; Water model; Wetting; Materials science; Turbulence; Contact angle; Continuous casting; Composite material; Metallurgy; Bubble; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006417697,0.0002239453,0.0003266796,0.000123416,0.0001876251,0.0002435991,0.0003613402,0.0003358209,0.0012007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000155281,0.0001388524,0.0002299154,0.0001003828,0.0002924206,0.000266022,0.0002283146,0.0002235468,0.0001124326],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003590081,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003498529,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008137134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004097306,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999961,0.000004104181,0.000001700035,0.00001288841,0.000008072311,0.00001216206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999224,0.00002679561,0.00001763132,0.000006323326,0.00001292082,0.00001392508],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003807986,0.0001640131,0.004137276,0.0001210039,0.00002542048,0.0005200186,0.0002021394,0.4282173,0.5614612,0.0009632601,0.0001538247,0.003653776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005053863,0.0003412986,0.00309103,0.00000367955,0.00001288134,0.00003790753,0.00008590223,0.9284227,0.0674881,0.0001371068,0.0003125866,0.000016399],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997124,0.00002339102,0.002196226,0.00001955705,0.000002942671,0.00001436449,0.00009745402,0.00004057532,0.0004813827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980146,0.00003547463,0.001270701,0.0000044557,0.000001134491,0.0000192301,0.0000529716,0.000008141326,0.0005932054],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008137134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01617956,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01311146505662939,"score_gpt":0.238037041823684,"score_spread":0.2249255767670546,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}