{"id":"W2767634671","doi":"10.1007/s11666-017-0656-0","title":"Numerical Study of Suspension HVOF Spray and Particle Behavior Near Flat and Cylindrical Substrates","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Breakup; Combustion; Mechanics; Thermal spraying; Suspension (topology); Particle (ecology); Composite material; Spray nozzle; Particle velocity; Particle size; Nozzle; Coating; Thermodynamics; Chemical engineering; Physics; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001534975,0.0001137947,0.0003183365,0.00007352952,0.0001132501,0.00004544892,0.0001974356,0.0001523731,0.00001650832],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002713806,0.00009059173,0.0000380851,0.00005320112,0.000150925,0.0001333413,0.00004530791,0.0003375264,0.000001419486],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001342295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009713109,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015877,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002803972,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992543,0.00001451343,0.0003374391,0.00009699571,0.0001207803,0.0001759033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995514,0.00002688505,0.00007414927,0.0002146847,0.00006046989,0.00007245976],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009150906,0.0002684663,0.4370038,0.00002184256,0.00009041547,0.0002126236,0.0002515346,0.0007168789,0.5536261,0.0005123584,0.000009974133,0.007194604],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002727557,0.00236835,0.860155,0.0000518924,0.0002077769,0.000353007,0.0003564933,0.01547152,0.1177466,0.0001953631,0.0001098432,0.0002565822],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988477,0.00043905,0.00008291289,0.0003012933,0.0001389282,0.0001127407,0.000001148703,0.00002773938,0.00004853902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994052,0.00007821051,0.0004587979,0.000004237982,0.0000298269,0.000002175805,8.941055e-8,0.0000177828,0.000003648497],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4358795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3694224,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01264323550430842,"score_gpt":0.2484282656456686,"score_spread":0.2357850301413602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}