{"id":"W2769086062","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2017.11.002","title":"Moving Character Displacement beyond Characters Using Contemporary Coexistence Theory","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Trends in Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":102,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Killam Trusts","keywords":"Character displacement; Allopatric speciation; Character (mathematics); Sympatric speciation; Displacement (psychology); Interspecific competition; Divergence (linguistics); Character evolution; Competition (biology); Evolutionary biology; Coexistence theory; Sympatry; Biology; Ecology; Psychology; Mathematics; Clade; Sociology; Philosophy; Genetics; Linguistics; Phylogenetics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003400037,0.0001259943,0.0001971442,0.00002782874,0.000641713,0.00004364755,0.0002355174,0.00009580977,0.0001465635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003963858,0.00005675379,0.00005127015,0.00006293363,0.0001677995,0.0002851474,0.0001420144,0.0001198125,0.00002379474],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000101171,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006353018,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000243078,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004283819,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991059,0.00008410217,0.0001881854,0.000253778,0.00008504244,0.000283006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999602,0.00009182681,0.0002012446,0.00004470251,0.00002129341,0.00003892953],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001212187,0.0000785262,0.9231212,0.000002428731,0.00001683698,0.00001388992,0.00009502692,0.000001059303,0.0667564,0.001313476,0.0002042097,0.008275694],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001787592,0.0001045765,0.9980974,0.00001682694,0.000008210202,0.000005914902,0.0001407074,0.0002221725,0.00009122393,0.0005220569,0.0004830737,0.0001290918],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957684,0.0001162751,0.000001802164,0.0007741919,0.0002333484,0.00006905825,0.00004797364,0.00002497752,0.002963941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988238,0.00002027833,0.00002011816,0.0001132041,0.0001799491,0.00001243203,0.0000451169,7.708274e-7,0.0007843144],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07497616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4935603,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08084187647874518,"score_gpt":0.2767386897903506,"score_spread":0.1958968133116054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}