{"id":"W2772131049","doi":"10.1115/1.4038757","title":"Analytical Upper Limit of Drag Reduction With Polymer Additives in Turbulent Pipe Flow","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Rheology and Fluid Dynamics Studies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Research and Development Corporation of Newfoundland and Labrador","keywords":"Drag; Rheometer; Mechanics; Turbulence; Parasitic drag; Pipe flow; Drag coefficient; Viscosity; Elasticity (physics); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Rheology; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003712199,0.0005977369,0.0004556815,0.0006470383,0.0002580229,0.0004953404,0.0003707945,0.0005225729,0.0004921528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009165119,0.0002493939,0.00052018,0.0002112916,0.0007508816,0.0008306848,0.0004312603,0.0005207857,0.0001665598],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004082592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004356445,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00105821,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000389605,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998015,0.0000400617,0.000008595083,0.00003932731,0.00007476271,0.0000358358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997194,0.0001389863,0.00005829737,0.00002044047,0.0000459014,0.00001689541],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002238979,0.0001362589,0.002618594,0.0004096456,0.00004259175,0.0004156671,0.0001995313,0.6997173,0.2188202,0.05347237,0.0009180323,0.02302599],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005777246,0.00007394755,0.0004067177,0.00001057517,0.000007896906,0.00003157636,0.000007637639,0.986095,0.01086232,0.002008617,0.0004737823,0.00001622653],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3731762,0.00435374,0.6086381,0.0003799187,0.0001144669,0.000072628,0.0001179167,0.0007536358,0.01239343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9878728,0.00106905,0.008709827,0.00004192037,0.00003120818,0.00004036332,0.00004068723,0.00002948004,0.00216465],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00105821,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002962172,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0080604933491674,"score_gpt":0.2226251729663759,"score_spread":0.2145646796172085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}