{"id":"W2772712483","doi":"10.3386/w24110","title":"The Social Origins of Inventors","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Culture, Economy, and Development Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"London School of Economics and Political Science; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Charles E. Kaufman Foundation; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation; University of Chicago; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Business","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002666575,0.0001835397,0.0004475404,0.005359073,0.001118291,0.002628054,0.0005625297,0.0004518433,0.01112006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02049658,0.0002148451,0.0003353677,0.00425775,0.00140371,0.002031732,0.001448574,0.0008810104,0.00117511],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001090981,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005334632,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00552379,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004657004,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976721,0.0007121006,0.0001859747,0.000397274,0.0006237496,0.000408647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9718673,0.01351545,0.009112145,0.002379905,0.001590767,0.001534443],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008187921,0.00006808408,0.909172,0.00009543508,0.0001302807,0.0003445061,0.003426105,0.0007486536,0.0005253401,0.03727023,0.001493588,0.04664394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001882426,0.0000523757,0.9326701,0.0001038007,0.00006906297,0.0005147898,0.003006089,0.002012527,0.000724426,0.03289326,0.02789991,0.00003497292],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9482504,0.002267899,0.005734603,0.001468234,0.00003958297,0.00004545365,0.002878034,0.00004679295,0.03926904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955128,0.0005985067,0.0006792973,0.00005492486,0.00005193649,0.00001648736,0.0006552194,0.000007061419,0.002423712],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01112006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03720027,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5410824159496008,"score_gpt":0.5897053172948533,"score_spread":0.04862290134525249,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}