{"id":"W2772712483","doi":"10.3386/w24110","title":"The Social Origins of Inventors","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Culture, Economy, and Development Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"London School of Economics and Political Science; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Charles E. Kaufman Foundation; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation; University of Chicago; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Business","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005818622,0.0001097564,0.0003068224,0.0001733543,0.002292016,0.0001617706,0.001133905,0.0002413481,0.0001375512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001238429,0.00009199737,0.000171991,0.0000510996,0.001865421,0.0001027553,0.0006298334,0.0004535069,0.00005305749],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001560089,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003420341,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01061476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01024856,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979802,0.000224092,0.0004461269,0.0002790963,0.0007463335,0.0003241063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99753,0.0007918776,0.0004622851,0.000200338,0.000957662,0.00005779829],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001760667,0.00002283804,0.003274207,0.00002560726,0.0001520917,1.506734e-7,0.004622499,0.00001561343,0.000001836438,0.9461235,0.04474739,0.0009966969],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001490732,0.000009143359,0.005028073,0.00002706057,0.000004865045,6.089525e-8,0.00323467,0.00001153436,0.0000391509,0.733511,0.2578844,0.0001009025],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03774695,0.0005900774,9.183128e-7,0.01010702,0.0008977095,0.0004983348,0.00006588993,0.00001058014,0.9500825],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898043,0.002127397,0.00004826768,0.00001236564,0.001147082,0.00007942516,0.00003020309,0.000008157176,0.006742812],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9520574,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990069,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5410824159496008,"score_gpt":0.5897053172948533,"score_spread":0.04862290134525249,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}