{"id":"W2773911744","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3073435","title":"What Is a New Object? Case Studies of Classification Problems and Practices at the Intersection of Law and Biotechnology.","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Law, AI, and Intellectual Property","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Intersection (aeronautics); Object (grammar); Law; Political science; Engineering; Biotechnology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Biology; Transport engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001025342,0.00008494822,0.0001454177,0.00004104805,0.0005874724,0.0002156772,0.0003641528,0.00006438253,0.000002379489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002216796,0.00004944235,0.00003266202,0.00005527252,0.0005607684,0.00138771,0.0002526946,0.0004550972,0.000001020195],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001487024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002517854,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004823018,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004524705,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990565,0.00006640705,0.000212867,0.0001849316,0.0001160549,0.0003632879],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998642,0.00008955434,0.00077534,0.000346382,0.0001194328,0.00002733135],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001284735,0.0000987743,0.0003449083,0.00008974275,0.0007347191,0.00001367062,0.02949109,0.000002544729,0.04472579,0.4673705,0.0005292877,0.4564705],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002148176,0.005464505,0.0002919953,0.000488085,0.0002495791,0.04165591,0.04132147,0.01535473,0.1221997,0.7582663,0.01202702,0.0005324828],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9135436,0.04200194,0.02098542,0.02196645,0.0004908359,0.0002909328,6.05518e-7,0.00002665235,0.0006935867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9558881,0.04333236,0.0001502012,0.00007992347,0.00003785353,0.000001859626,6.310873e-8,0.000004007964,0.0005056615],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.455938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4518422,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06786940553365618,"score_gpt":0.320525346763305,"score_spread":0.2526559412296488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}