{"id":"W2774631938","doi":"10.1108/jpbafm-15-03-2003-b003","title":"Long-run and short-run budgeting: empirical evidence for canada, uk, and usa","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Public Budgeting Accounting & Financial Management","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Incrementalism; Short run; Revenue; Economics; Balance (ability); Budget process; Empirical evidence; Macroeconomics; Finance; Politics; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004634476,0.0002740162,0.000645577,0.0003872247,0.000379308,0.0004137127,0.0003389009,0.0001291066,0.00003711215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003556231,0.0003013696,0.0001675389,0.0002707377,0.00009321894,0.0006355438,0.0001619438,0.0003326901,0.000006161179],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003026094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001812777,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003538975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006917629,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997274,0.00004227839,0.001393794,0.0004814435,0.0001216227,0.0006868241],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981262,0.0003668464,0.0009342148,0.0002188469,0.0001351782,0.0002187006],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004002388,0.00006371039,0.8860882,0.0003343324,0.0001217243,0.00002719843,0.0001872252,0.00004162121,0.00000450204,0.0840815,0.01665571,0.01235424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001278489,0.0001904303,0.720715,0.0002426315,0.00007534124,0.00008899622,0.0002368156,0.0007980633,0.00002371455,0.02144237,0.254227,0.0006811332],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9740232,0.003587988,0.006102342,0.004863131,0.001117037,0.0003574043,0.00001987891,0.0000140722,0.009914996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944522,0.000225917,0.002897588,0.001522338,0.0005471752,0.00001621227,0.000001563438,0.00003154133,0.0003055099],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2375713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999439,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08560644232014433,"score_gpt":0.2722620825678957,"score_spread":0.1866556402477514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}