{"id":"W2778982798","doi":"10.3386/w24155","title":"Physician Practice Style and Healthcare Costs: Evidence from Emergency Departments","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Healthcare Policy and Management","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"University of Arizona","keywords":"Style (visual arts); Health care; Emergency physician; Medical emergency; Business; Emergency department; Psychology; Nursing; Medicine; Political science; History","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004585281,0.0002386596,0.0006388729,0.0005524729,0.0003471357,0.0001760254,0.0008822089,0.0003183473,0.0002185039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00267565,0.0003087643,0.0001306579,0.00007249263,0.000175162,0.0006052445,0.001181652,0.0008767677,0.0005471315],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001650268,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005346227,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1079253,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002943887,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969097,0.0002070008,0.001115786,0.001013269,0.0002579125,0.0004962697],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963964,0.000809431,0.001211018,0.0008519585,0.0005141261,0.0002170674],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008537798,0.0001153073,0.005184589,0.0003825541,0.0002960463,0.000003380522,0.0004484211,0.00008010348,0.000003080851,0.9763389,0.01358881,0.003473428],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003439673,0.0001005343,0.008185956,0.0002266223,0.000009485861,6.991392e-7,0.0001590834,0.001579617,0.00002210204,0.9417846,0.04728695,0.0003003584],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07955078,0.0680177,0.0002349203,0.2227438,0.0043824,0.004859735,0.007005705,0.0000801604,0.6131248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9757443,0.02076495,0.000755233,0.0003744108,0.0008159111,0.0002600022,0.0003040636,0.00003651196,0.0009446016],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8961936,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999365,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5123202037087193,"score_gpt":0.5517054529268871,"score_spread":0.03938524921816777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}